2015 Synthetic Biology: Engineering, Evolution & Design (SEED)

Synthetic nucleic acid nanostructures regulate native triplex and CRISPR/Cas genomic recombination, restriction, and repair potentials


CONFERENCE:

AIChE Society for Biological Engineering,

Synthetic Biology: Engineering, Evolution, and Design (SEED) 2015 Conference,

Boston, MA, USA June 10-13, 2015

SUBMISSION HEREIN:

Conference Abstract for Speaker Slot/Platform Talk

SUITABLE CONFERENCE TRACK:

DNA and RNA Based Synthetic Biology

AUTHOR:

Faisal Reza, Ph.D.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR:

Email: faisal.reza@yale.edu

Synthetic nucleic acid nanostructures regulate native triplex and CRISPR/Cas genomic recombination, restriction, and repair potentials

Faisal Reza, Ph.D.â? 

â? Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Therapeutic Radiology, New Haven, CT, USA

*Address all correspondence to:

Faisal Reza; Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Therapeutic Radiology, 333 Cedar Street, HRT 316, #208040, New

Haven, CT, 06520-8040, USA; Email: faisal.reza@yale.edu.


Synthetic oligo- and peptide- nucleic acid nanostructures have been more predictably designed and externally delivered into the intracellular milieu. These deployed technologies interact with, and influence, the cytoplasmic and nuclear molecular machinery in order to regulate potentials involved in genomic targeting and editing. It is demonstrated that synthetic nucleic acid nanostructures composed of various nucleobase and backbone modifications can regulate the genomic recombination rate, the sequence-specific restriction of a locus, and the endogenous repair pathways. The formation of a triplex nanostructure, by exogenously introduced PNA molecules with the duplex chromosomal and episomal DNA, is shown to elevate the cellâ??s targeted recombination potential. Alternatively, the formation of a
RNA-guided CRISPR/Cas nanostructure, again by exogenously introduced RNA molecules with Cas nucleases, is shown to initiate the cellâ??s targeted double-strand restriction potential. Recombinagenic donor DNA molecules co-opt these elevated recombination or initiated restriction potentials to form competing nanostructures that act as homology-dependent templates, sans edits to be introduced, thus potentiating repair. Safety and efficacy of these nanostructures is achieved by leveraging the performance profile of the cell's own endogenous recombination, restriction, and repair machineries in concert with these sequence-specific and localizing-in-tandem molecules. Progenitor cells drugged with designed molecules, and primed with chemical cell modulators, safely and effectively redesign the genome, which are then propagated to cellular progeny. These molecular technologies are developed to remediate the underlying genomic causes of monogenic human diseases, engineer living genetic codes, improve crop characteristics, and defend against outbreaks, and thus has well-positioned technology profiles in the synthetic biology of healthcare, biotechnology, agrotechnology, and national security.

KEY WORDS: triplex, CRISPR/Cas, recombinagenic donor DNA, genome engineering, precision medicine

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This work was supported by a National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Experimental and Human Pathobiology Postdoctoral Fellowship from NIH grant T32DK007556. The author declared no conflict of interest.