Alternative Green FUEL from Natural Waste Using DEEP Eutectic Solvent: Experiment and COSMO-RS MODEL

Diesel engines are the major source for transportation, thermal power generation and various miscellaneous industrial applications which is powered by non-renewable fossil fuels that powers most of the world. But due to fast depletion, increasing cost and emission of Smoke, Hydrocarbon, CO_X, NO_X and SO_X components during the combustion of fossil fuel, it is necessary to produce an alternative cleaner burning fuel. Biofuel, also known as green fuel is synthesized from natural sources such as plants and animals are renewable and abundant source of energy which is more environmental friendly than the conventional fossil fuels. In this work, Cardanol, which is extracted from CashewNut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is used as a primary source for the production of alternative green fuel. CNSL, a reddish brown viscous liquid is a mixture of unsaturated phenolic components namely anacardic acid, cardanol, cardol and 2-methyl cardol. Cardanol is extracted from CNSL by using a suitable Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) and is then blended with different fuel blends such as Diesel, Petrol, Kerosene, Methanol and Ethanol at different proportions to increase its engine efficiency without any engine modifications. This newly synthesized biofuel will be characterized in terms of Total Fuel Consumption, Specific Fuel Consumption, Brake Power, Indicated Power, Mechanical Efficiency, Brake Thermal Efficiency, Indicated Thermal Efficiency and Emission of Smoke, Hydrocarbon, CO_X, NO_X and SO_X components