(165a) Modeling of Flammable Hazards during Atmospheric Storage Tank Maintenance

Atmospheric storage tanks are often viewed as less inherently dangerous than pressure vessels for flammable liquid storage due to atmospheric pressure. This perspective, however, could put industry personnel at risk if the hazards of such tanks are not given proper respect and consideration. One of these hazards is the potential for flammable vapor to be released from tank connections opened for maintenance during hot work. This paper will discuss potential hazards to industry personnel during atmospheric storage tank maintenance using consequence modeling techniques when applicable to simulate releases of a variety of flammable materials found across industry. Modeling findings will be analyzed to propose safeguarding strategies when approaching tank maintenance activities.