(21a) Overview of IST

Inherently Safer Design (ISD) is a holistic approach to making the development, manufacturing, and use of chemicals safer. Over time, there have been many developments on the concept of inherent safety, however, currently there is a growing fixation on only one element of ISD: substitution. This paper will present an overview of ISD and its elements of minimize, substitute, moderate, and simplify. In addition, the life cycle of a process will be explained in context of ISD to further explain the most effective use of ISD as well as other risk mitigation methods and strategies.