(11d) A Review of Sustainability Indicators for Liquid Biofuels

Sustainability indicators for liquid biofuels are reviewed in this presentation. Through a discussion of indicators and metrics the quality and usefulness of many are considered. Various feedstocks for biodiesel, bioethanol and other liquid biofuels are discussed, including a review of thermo-chemical and biochemical conversion methods. Methods of processing feedstocks and benchmarks for yields, compositions, selectivities and other indicators are discussed. Many possible environmental indicators are proposed, with a review of the common evaluation of energy ratio for biofuels.