This study introduces an innovative strategy for fabricating carbons with multilayered architecture, emphasizing the engineering of interfacial properties within sublayer architectures through Multiphase Direct Ink Writing (MDIW). By precisely controlling the deposition patterns and orientation of carbon-based materials, MDIW enables the design of customized interfaces that greatly enhance mechanical bonding and thermal conductivity between layers. This approach incorporates advanced polymer chemistry across various thermoset and thermoplastic systems, optimizing carbon yield and strengthening interfacial adhesion after pyrolysis. The ability to finely tune interface characteristics improves the composites' overall structural integrity and expands their applicability in high-performance environments. The research highlights MDIW’s potential to revolutionize C–C composite manufacturing by enabling deliberate microstructural interface design. Gaining deeper insight and control over these interfaces is essential for developing composites with exceptional mechanical strength and programmable thermal behavior which are the key requirements for demanding industrial applications.
