Market shifts often inspire a return to what were previously considered obsolete production methods. In the case of butadiene, recent initiatives by major tire manufacturers reflect this trend, driven by expected changes in butadiene supply. Analysts have projected a potential shortage caused by the transition from naphtha to natural gas as the primary feedstock for ethylene production. In response, companies such as Michelin and Bridgestone have announced substantial R&D efforts and plans for ethanol-to-butadiene plants, reigniting interest in this biobased production pathway.
Butadiene, a highly reactive chemical intermediate, plays a crucial role in various chemical reactions, including dimerization, oligomerization, oxidation, hydrogenation, and Diels-Alder dimerization. Approximately 85% of butadiene is used as a monomer, primarily in the production of synthetic elastomers such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and polybutadiene rubber (PBR), as well as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resins. According to Grandview Research, the global butadiene market is valued at $40.5 billion, with an anticipated growth rate of 7.6% from 2024 to 2030.
The renewed focus on ethanol-based butadiene production reflects a resurgence of a once-dominant method, historically prevalent during World Wars I and II. Despite its historical significance, modern advancements and deeper insights are needed to optimize this process, considered obsolete until recently. This presentation will provide an overview of the current state of ethanol-based butadiene production and discuss potential avenues for further research
