Redox flow batteries (RFBs) offer a promising solution for large-scale energy storage because of their scalability, long lifespan, and design flexibility. However, reducing component costs while enhancing electrochemical performance remains critical to their advancement. The membrane plays a key role in ion transport and overall cell efficiency; therefore, improving its hydrophilicity and ionic conductivity can significantly enhance performance. In this study, a Celgard separator was modified by coating it with a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel followed by methanol dehydration. The modified membranes were then evaluated and compared with a commercial flow-cell separator, Daramic, to assess their cost-effectiveness and electrochemical properties.
