(166c) Investigation of Antimicrobial Resistance in Listeria Monocytogenes from 2010 through 2021

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health issue. Due to resistance to current antibiotics and a low rate of development of new classes of antimicrobials, AMR is a leading cause of death worldwide. Listeria monocytogenes is a deadly foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis for the immuno-compromised, the elderly, and pregnant women. Unfortunately, antimicrobial resistance has been reported in L. monocytogenes. This study conducted the first comprehensive statistical analysis of L. monocytogenes isolate data from the National Pathogen Detection Isolate Browser (NPDIB) to identify the genes and trends for AMR in L. monocytogenes.

Principal component analysis was firstly used to project the multi-dimensional data into two dimensions. Hierarchical clustering was then used to identify the significant AMR genes found in L. monocytogenes samples and to assess changes during the period from 2010 through 2021. Statistical analysis of the data identified fosX, lin, abc-f, and tet(M) as the four most common AMR genes found in L. monocytogenes. It was determined that there was not an increase in AMR genes during the studied time period. It was also observed that the number of isolates decreased from 2016 to 2020. This study establishes a baseline for ongoing monitoring of L. monocytogenes for AMR.

References

FDA. Common Foodborne Disease Causes. Available online: https://www.fda.gov/files/food/published/Most-Common-Foodborne-Illnesses-%28PDF%29.pdf (accessed on 13 February 2022)

Lotfollahi, L. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Listeria monocytogenes in spontaneous abortions in humans. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 2011, 5, 1990–1993. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajmr11.498

Charpentier, E.; Courvalin, P. Antibiotic resistance in Listeria spp. Antimicrob. Agents Chem. 1999, 43, 2103–2108. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.43.9.2103

Morvan, A.; Moubareck, C.; Leclercq, A.; Hervé-Bazin, M.; Bremont, S.; Lecuit, M.; Courvalin, P.; Le Monnier, A. Antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from humans in France. Antimicrob. Agents Chem. 2010, 54, 2728–2731. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01557-09

Hailu, W.; Helmy, Y.A.; Carney-Knisely, G.; Kauffman, M.; Fraga, D.; Rajashekara, G. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of foodborne pathogens isolated from dairy cattle and poultry manure amended farms in northeastern Ohio, the United States. Antibiotics 2021, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121450

Pathogen Detection. Available online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pathogens/ (accessed on 16 January 2022).