(481b) A Hybrid Model-Based Framework for the HAZOP Analysis of Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide

With ever increasing energy demand, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) has become one of the greatest challenges facing  the global community since carbonaceous fuels are still the most abundant and inexpensive sources of energy. CCUS is a complex multistep process which involves (i) capture of CO₂ from flue gas generated in coal-fired power plants (ii) transportation of CO₂ using long pipelines to the storage site, and (iii) injection of CO₂ into the geological formations.  Each of these steps pose a number of potential risks such as impurities associated with CO₂ capture, leakage in pipelines, corrosion in pipelines, leakage and/or migration of CO₂ in the geological formations due to faults and fractures, contamination of freshwater aquifers etc.Therefore, it is essential to perform a systematic HAZOP analysis for these processes before implementation of any of the CCUS technologies.

In this work, a hybrid model-based framework   is proposed to perform HAZOP analysis for CCUS. First, detailed signed directed graph-based qualitative  models  are constructed for various components with specific emphasis on CO₂ storage. Further, dynamic simulations of the various tasks involved in the complex CCUS process are performed using quantitative models. These quantitative dynamic simulations with an emphasis on CO₂ storage, supplement the overall graph theoretical model built using  process-knowledge. Together, these models are utilized to understand the behavior of the entire complex process under various conditions and more importantly, to evaluate the risks present in the overall system. Furthermore, these graph theoretic models with dynamic simulations are explored to perform fault detection, diagnosis and monitoring in the overall CCUS process with emphasis on CO₂ storage in geological media.