Analysis of Environmental Impact of Oil Pipeline Projects

Introduced the environmental impact of pipeline projects from two aspects of pipeline construction and operation. The mainly environmental impact during pipeline construction including the impact on natural environment and ecological environment, the ecological enviroment is more serious. During pipeline operation the mainly influence is environmental risk under accdient situation. In the period of pipeline construction engineering design should be optimized to control the environmental impact at minimum scope. Runtime should strengthen the maintenance, found hidden danger and handled in a timely manner.

Keywords: oil Pipeline; ecological environment; enviroment risk

随着世界经济的高速发展，对能源的需求也越来越大，管道输送作为五大运输方式之一，已成为油品输送的重要手段之一。相比传统的陆路运输和水路运输，管道运输具有如下优点^[1]：运输量大，可实现连续运输；管道埋地铺设，占地面积少；全过程密闭运输，输送过程损耗小，对环境影响小；输送过程受外界环境影响小，易于自动化管理，且运输成本低。同时管道运输也具有只能单向定点运输，不如公路、水路运输灵活的缺点。管道运输经济、环境效益显著，被誉为最经济的运输方式^[2]，管道运输对社会经济的发展起到巨大的推动作用，但其对环境的影响也是不容忽视的^[3]。管道工程主要分为管线勘察、管线建设、管线运营这三方面，在不同的时期所产生的环境影响也不一样。本文将从管线建设、管线运营两方面分析输油管道项目对环境的影响。